AllBoardSolutionFREE

Grammar: Tenses

ଇଂରାଜୀ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ ୧: Grammar: Tenses

English · Odisha Board Class 10 · ୪ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ · ୨୫ Quiz

📝 Grammar 1 — Tenses (କାଳ): ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କାଳ ଓଡ଼ିଆରେ ବୁଝାଇ, ଗଠନ (structure), ବ୍ୟବହାର ଓ ଉଦାହରଣ ସହ — ପରୀକ୍ଷା ପାଇଁ ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ।

Grammar 1 — Tenses (କାଳ)

📌 1. Tense କ'ଣ?

Tense (କାଳ): କ୍ରିୟା (verb)ର ରୂପ ଯାହା କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କେବେ ଘଟିଲା — ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ, ଅତୀତ ବା ଭବିଷ୍ୟତ — ତାହା ଦେଖାଏ। ୩ ମୁଖ୍ୟ କାଳ: Present (ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ), Past (ଅତୀତ), Future (ଭବିଷ୍ୟତ)। ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକର ୪ ପ୍ରକାର।

🟢 2. Present Tense (ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ କାଳ)

ପ୍ରକାରStructure + ଉଦାହରଣ + ବ୍ୟବହାର
Simple PresentV1 / V1+s → He eats rice. — ଅଭ୍ୟାସ, ସର୍ବଦା ସତ୍ୟ (habit/fact)
Present Continuousis/am/are + V-ing → He is eating. — ଏବେ ଚାଲିଥିବା କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ
Present Perfecthas/have + V3 → He has eaten. — ସଦ୍ୟ ଶେଷ, ପ୍ରଭାବ ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ
Present Perfect Cont.has/have been + V-ing → He has been eating. — ଅତୀତରୁ ଏବେ ଯାଏ ଚାଲିଥିବା

🟠 3. Past Tense (ଅତୀତ କାଳ)

ପ୍ରକାରStructure + ଉଦାହରଣ
Simple PastV2 → He ate rice. — ଅତୀତରେ ଶେଷ ହୋଇଥିବା କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ
Past Continuouswas/were + V-ing → He was eating. — ଅତୀତରେ ଚାଲିଥିବା
Past Perfecthad + V3 → He had eaten. — ଅତୀତର ଦୁଇ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ପ୍ରଥମ
Past Perfect Cont.had been + V-ing → He had been eating.

🔵 4. Future Tense (ଭବିଷ୍ୟତ କାଳ)

ପ୍ରକାରStructure + ଉଦାହରଣ
Simple Futurewill/shall + V1 → He will eat.
Future Continuouswill be + V-ing → He will be eating.
Future Perfectwill have + V3 → He will have eaten.
Future Perfect Cont.will have been + V-ing → He will have been eating.

🕐 5. ସମୟ ସୂଚକ ଶବ୍ଦ (Time markers)

Simple Present: always, usually, every day। Present Continuous: now, at present। Present Perfect: just, already, yet, since, for। Simple Past: yesterday, ago, last week। Future: tomorrow, next week।

🧠 ମନେରଖ: Simple=V1/V2/will+V1। Continuous=be+V-ing। Perfect=have/had+V3। since/for=Present Perfect। yesterday/ago=Simple Past। V3=past participle।
⭐ ପରୀକ୍ଷାରେ: ① Fill in with correct tense (time-marker ଦେଖ)। ② Identify the tense। ③ Change the tense। ④ has/have+V3 (Perfect), be+V-ing (Continuous)।
📲 Join our WhatsApp Channel

Get free daily notes, new chapter solutions, model question papers & exam updates — straight on your phone.

Follow on WhatsApp →